Immune Regulation

Immune regulatory proteins are a class of core functional molecules that precisely regulate the intensity, type, and duration of immune responses. As a key hub for signal exchange between immune cells, they maintain immune homeostasis, defend against pathogen invasion, and prevent autoimmune damage through the coordinated action of complex networks. These target families encompass a complete spectrum of immune checkpoint molecules (e.g., PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3), CD molecules (e.g., CD28, CD40, CD47), interleukins and their receptors/binding proteins (e.g., IL-2, IL-6R, IL-15), interferons (e.g., IFN-α/β/γ), chemokines (e.g., CXCL8, CCL2), immunoglobulin/Fc-related proteins (e.g., FcγR), other cytokines (e.g., TGF-β, TNF-α), and immune receptors/ligands (e.g., NKG2D, MICA). In-depth dissection of the functions and mechanisms of these immune regulatory targets provides a solid molecular foundation for optimizing tumor immunotherapy, autoimmune disease intervention, and anti-infection strategies.