Viral infection target proteins are a class of key molecules involved in viral entry, replication, and immune recognition. These include the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and its RBD, viral surface antigens, host receptors (such as ACE2), and epitopes targeted by neutralizing antibodies. By mediating viral binding to host cells, membrane fusion, and the induction of immune responses, they play a vital role in the study of viral infection mechanisms, vaccine development, neutralizing antibody screening, and the evaluation of antiviral drugs, making them essential tool proteins in virology and infectious immunology research.

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