Mitochondrial Proteins

Mitochondrial proteins are a protein system localized to various functional regions of mitochondria, encompassing respiratory chain complexes, ATP synthase, transporter proteins, and apoptosis-regulating factors. Through oxidative phosphorylation, they drive the synthesis of the energy currency ATP, while also participating in reactive oxygen species regulation, calcium homeostasis maintenance, and programmed cell death, serving as the core hub of cellular metabolic and survival regulation; their dysfunction is directly involved in neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders.